1. Establish the reader's needs
Establish the reader's needs by identifying the practical challenges, existing knowledge and reasons for reading that should shape the content. Audience research for Siemens revealed a spectrum from highly technical engineers to senior executives focused on business outcomes. Those readers needed different levels of depth, language and framing, rather than a single treatment of the subject. The resulting approach to Siemens's white papers was modular and layered, allowing readers to control how much detail they explored. Apply the same principle to expert thought leadership: frame the subject around real-world challenges rather than product specifications, and preserve technical depth for readers who need it. Relatability does not require giving every reader less detail; it requires making the relevant detail accessible.